ubuntu ftp 基本FTP命令 Basic FTP Commands

You can use FTP to transfer files from your Mac OS X Snow Leopard computer with an FTP server by using the command-line interface (CLI); to use the CLI, open a Terminal, or shell, session. To use a Terminal session, double -click the Terminal icon in the Utilities folder inside the Applications folder. When you open a Terminal session, you’re presented with a window that accepts text commands. You’ll see a prompt that consists of your computer’s name and the folder that you’re currently in, followed by your user ID. It’s at this prompt where you type various FTP commands.

After you’re in the Terminal session, you’ll use a series of commands to connect to another computer, move in and out of folders, and transfer files. Following is a list of the basic commands that you need to use FTP as well as a brief description of what each command does.

 

• ftp : This command starts the FTP command line interface session. You can tell that you’re in the FTP client application when you see ftp> as your command prompt. This is where you type all other FTP commands to do things.

• open : This command is used to start your connection to another computer. Type this command followed by the IP address of the FTP server that you want to connect to.

• ls : Use this command to see a listing of all files and folders in the current folder on the FTP server.

• cd : This command allows you to change the folder that you’re in. Type cd <folder> (where folder is a specific folder name) to move into a subfolder on the FTP server. Type cd .. (that’s c, d, space, and two periods) to go back out a folder level.

• lcd : This command acts exactly like cd except that it changes the folder that you’re currently in on your local system, not the FTP server. Use this command to put yourself in the folder on the local drive that you want to transfer files to and from.

• bin : Type this command to get in binary mode to transfer files that aren’t plain-text files. (Always use binary mode unless you’re specifically transferring plain-text files.)

• ascii : This command puts you in ASCII mode for transferring text files.

• get or mget : To retrieve a single file, use the get command followed by the filename of the file that you want to retrieve. If you want to get multiple files at one time, use the mget command followed by a filename, possibly containing * and/or ? as wildcards.

• put or mput : To send a single file, use the put command followed by the filename to send a file to the FTP server. To send multiple files, use the mput command followed by a filename, possibly containing * and/or ? as wildcards.

• quit : Use the quit command to end your FTP session.

To end a Terminal session and exit Terminal at any time, press Command+Q. Terminal prompts you for confirmation if necessary.

 

Using these commands will enable you to exchange files with an FTP server. Here’s an example of how to use these commands within the Terminal window:

 

1. Type ftp to get into FTP mode.

2. Type open <ip address> (where ip address is the server’s network IP address) to open your connection to the FTP server.

3. At this point, you’re asked for a username and password.

   For many FTP servers, using the username anonymous and your e-mail address as the password is enough to get you logged in. Some sites even allow you to log in without any username or password at all. On secure sites, however, you must use an assigned username and password provided by the administrator of that particular server.

4. Type lcd <folder> (where folder is a specific folder name) to change into the folder on your local drive that you want files to come to or from.

5. Type the ls and cd commands to place yourself into the desired folder on the FTP server.

6. Type the ascii or bin command to set your file transfer mode to ASCII or binary, respectively.

   This is important because choosing the wrong type will likely cause the transfer to fail. Unless it’s a plain-text file, always use binary mode.

7. Type the get , mget , put , and mput commands to send or receive the desired files.

8. Type the quit command to close the connection and exit the FTP session.

 

The FTP site of the Computer Science department at CSU requires the user to use sftp, the secure version of FTP. Just type sftp instead of ftp, when you are using FTP in a terminal window.

 

EXAMPLES

 ftp abc.xyz.edu
This command will attempt to connect to the ftp server at abc.xyz.edu. If it succeeds, it will ask you to log in using a username and password. Public ftp servers often allow you to log in using the username "anonymous" and your email address as password. Once you are logged in you can get a list of the available ftp commands using the help function:

 ftp> help
This lists the commands that you can use to show the directory contents, transfer files, and delete files.

 ftp> ls
This command prints the names of the files and subdirectories in the current directory on the remote computer.

 ftp> cd customers
This command changes the current directory to the subdirecotry "customers", if it exists.

 ftp> cd ..
Changes the current directory to the parent direcotry.

 ftp> lcd images
Changes the current directory on the local computer to "images", if it exists.

 ftp> ascii
Changes to "ascii" mode for transferring text files.

 ftp> binary
Changes to "binary" mode for transferring all files that are not text files.

 ftp> get image1.jpg
Downloads the file image1.jpg from the remote computer to the local computer. Warning: If there already is file with the same name it will be overwritten.

 ftp> put image2.jpg
Uploads the file image2.jpg from the local computer to the remote computer. Warning: If there already is file with the same name it will be overwritten.

 ftp> !ls
A '!' in front will execute the specified command on the local computer. So '!ls' lists the file names and directory names of the current directory on the local computer.

 ftp> mget *.jpg
With mget you can download multiple images. This command downloads all files that end with ".jgp".

 ftp> mput *.jpg
Uploads all files that end with ".jgp".

 ftp> mdelete *.jpg
 Deletes all files that end with ".jgp".

ftp> prompt
Turns iteractive mode on or off so that commands on multiple files are executed without user confirmation.

ftp> quit
Exits the ftp program.

 

来源：http://linux.about.com/od/commands/l/blcmdl1_ftp.htm

 

 

Common FTP Commands

?     to request help or information about the FTP commands

ascii     to set the mode of file transfer to ASCII (this is the default and transmits seven bits per character)

binary     to set the mode of file transfer to binary (the binary mode transmits all eight bits per byte and thus provides less chance of a transmission error and must be used to transmit files other than ASCII files)

bye     to exit the FTP environment (same as quit)

cd     to change directory on the remote machine

close     to terminate a connection with another computer
close brubeck     closes the current FTP connection with brubeck, but still leaves you within the FTP environment.
delete     to delete (remove) a file in the current remote directory (same as rm in UNIX)
get     to copy one file from the remote machine to the local machine
get ABC DEF     copies file ABC in the current remote directory to (or on top of) a file named DEF in your current local directory.
get ABC     copies file ABC in the current remote directory to (or on top of) a file with the same name, ABC, in your current local directory.
help     to request a list of all available FTP commands
lcd     to change directory on your local machine (same as UNIX cd)
ls     to list the names of the files in the current remote directory
mkdir     to make a new directory within the current remote directory
mget     to copy multiple files from the remote machine to the local machine;  you are prompted for a y/n answer before transferring each file
mget *     copies all the files in the current remote directory to your current local directory, using the same filenames. Notice the use of the wild card character, *.
mput     to copy multiple files from the local machine to the remote machine; you are prompted for a y/n answer before transferring each file
open     to open a connection with another computer
open brubeck     opens a new FTP connection with brubeck;  you must enter a username and password for a brubeck account  (unless it is to be an anonymous connection).
put     to copy one file from the local machine to the remote machine
pwd     to find out the pathname of the current directory on the remote machine
quit     to exit the FTP environment (same as bye)
rmdir     to to remove (delete) a directory in the current remote directory